Mineralogy, geochemistry and genesis of the Shirinabad clay-bauxite deposit, south-east of Gorgan
Subject Areas :
1 -
2 -
Keywords: Clay-bauxite Textural analyses Shirinabad Gorgan Mineralogy, Geochemsitry. ,
Abstract :
The Shirinabad clay-bauxite deposit with more than 1 km long and about 8 m in thickness is located in 60 km south-east of Gorgan. The Shirinabad deposit has been developed as a stratiform horizon along the contact zone of Triassic dolomitic limestones and Jurassic shales and sandstones. The basal contact zone of the horizon is mainly undulatory, whereas the upper contact zone is concordant with the hanging-wall shales and sandstones. The rocks within the horizon show pelitomorphic, microgranular, oolitic and pisolitic textures. Textural analysis indicates both allochthonous and autochtonous origins for the Shirinabad deposit. Based on textural and mineralogical evidences the deposit can be divided into four distinct units. Kaolinite, anatase, routile, bohemite, hematite, goethite and berthierine are the principal constituents. From geochemical data, it is concluded that the Shirinabad deposit probably originated from basaltic volcanic rocks. Combination of mineralogical and geochemical data shows that the Shirinabad deposit formed in two stages. First, bauxite materials and clay minerals were developed as authigenic bauxitization processes of alkaline basaltic parent rock. Then, these materials were transported to karst depressions and formed the Shirinabad clay-bauxite deposit.
- آقانباتی، ع.، 1383. زمین¬شناسی ایران. سازمان زمین¬شناسی و اکتشافات معدنی کشور، 586.
- جعفریان، م.ب. و جلالی، ع.، 1383. نقشه زمین¬شناسی خوش¬ییلاق با مقیاس 1:100000. سازمان زمین‌شناسی و اکتشافات معدنی کشور.
- رفيعي، ب.، ملايي، ح.، رمضان‌پور، ح. و محسني، ح.، 1392. ويژگي‌هاي زمين‌شناسي و زمين‌آماري نهشته‌هاي بوكسيت تاگويي. منطقه جاجرم، شمال شرق ايران. دو فصلنامه رسوبشناسي كاربردي، جلد 1، 13-1.
- امینی ل.، شمعانیان غ.، رقیمی م. و جعفر زاده ر.، 1390. بررسی‌های کانی¬شناسی، زمین¬شناسی و پیدایشی کانسار¬های بوکسیت کارستی جاجرم، مجله بلورشناسی وکانی¬شناسی ایران، شماره 3، 426-413.
- شمعانيان، غ.ح.، 1389. مطالعات زمين‌شناسي اقتصادي نهشته‌هاي بوكسيت سياهرودبار، استان گلستان، ايران. گزارش نهايي طرح تحقيقاتي، دانشگاه گلستان، 35.
- فرامرزي، ر. شمعانيان، غ.ح.، شفيعي ب.، 1391. كاني‌شناسي، زمين‌شيمي و خاستگاه نهشته بوکسيت قشلاق، جنوب شرق گرگان، مجله زمين‌شناسي اقتصادي، شماره 1، 45-29.
- کلاگری، ع.ا.، عابدینی، ع. و موذن، م.، 1382. زمین¬شناسی و کانی¬شناسی افق بوکسیتی قپی در غرب میاندوآب، آذربایجان غربی. مجله بلورشناسی و کانی¬شناسی ایران، شماره 2، 185-165.
- لاسمی، ی.، جهاني، د. و كهنسال قديم‌وند، ن.، 1379. بررسي سازند اليکا درغرب البرز شرقی، ناحيه غزنوی: رخساره‌ها، محيط‌هاي رسوبي و چينه‌نگاري سكانسي.خلاصه مقالات چهارمين همايش انجمن زمين شناسي ايران،تبريز، 202- 198.
- معین¬¬السادات، س.ح. و رضوی ارمغانی، م.ب.، 1372. زغال¬سنگ.طرح تدوین کتاب زمین¬شناسی ایران، کتاب شماره 7. سازمان زمین¬شناسی و اکتشافات معدنی کشور، 286.
- Aleva, G.J.J., 1994. Laterites: concept, geology, morphology and chemistry.International SoilReference and Information Center (ISRIC), Wageningen, Netherlands, 169.
- Bardossy, G., 1982. Karst Bauxites–Bauxite deposits on carbonate rocks. Developments in Economic Geology, Elsevier, Amsterdam, 14, 441.
- Bardossy, G. and Aleva, G.J.J., 1990.Lateritic bauxite. Developments in Economic Geology, Elsevier, Amsterdam, 27, 624.
- Berberian, M. and King, G.C.P., 1981.Towards a paleogeography and tectonic evolution of Iran. Earth Science, 18, 210 – 265.
- Bogatyrev, B.A., Zhukov, V.V. and Tsekhovsky, Y.G., 2009.Formation conditions and regularities of the distribution of large and superlarge bauxite deposits. Lithology and Mineral Resources, 44, 135-151.
- Boni, M., Rollinson, G., Mondillo, N., Ballassone, G. and Santoro, L., 2013.Quantitative Mineralogical Characterization of Karst Bauxite Deposits in the Southern Apennines, Italy.Economic Geology, 108, 813-833.
- Ghavidel-Syooki, M., Hassanzadeh, J. and Vecoli, M., 2011.Palynology and isotope geochronology of the Upper Ordovician- Silurian successions (Ghelli and SoltanMaidan Formation) in the Khoshyeilagh area, eastern Alborz Range, northern Iran; Stratigraphic and paleogeographic implication. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, Elsevier, 164, 251-271.
- Gu, J., Huang, Z., Fan, H., Jin, Z., Yan, Z. and Zhang, J., 2013.Mineralogy, geochemistry, and genesis of lateritic bauxite deposits in the Wuchuan-Zheng’an-Daozhen area, Northern Guizhou Province, China. Journal of Geochemical Exploration, 130, 44-59.
- Herrmann, L., Anongrak, N., Zarei, M., Schuler, U. and Spohrer, K., 2007.Factor and processes of gibbsite formation in Nortern Thailand.Journal of Asian Earth Sciences71, 279-291.
- Jenny, J. G., 1977.Geologieetstratigraphie de l’Elburze Oriental entre Aliabad et Shahrud, Iran.Thèseprésentée à la Faculté des Sciences de l’Université de Genève, 238.
- Johns, W.D., Grim, R.E. and Bradly, W.F., 1954.Quantitative estimation of clay minerals by diffraction methods. Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, 24, 242-251.
- Karadag, M.M., Kupeli, S., Aryk, F., Ayhan,A., Zedaf, V. and Doyen A., 2009. Rare earth element (REE) geochemistry and genetic implications of the Mortas Bauxite deposit (Seydisehir/Konya–Southern Turkey).Chemie der Erde, 69, 143-159.
- Keller, W.D. and Stevens, R.P., 1983. Physical arrangement of high-alumina clay types in a Missouri clay deposit and implication for their genesis. Clay and Clay Minerals, 31, 422-434.
- Lasemi, Y.,2001.Facies analysis, depositional environments and sequence stratigraphy of the upper Pre-Cambrian and Paleozoic rocks of Iran.Geological Survey of Iran, 180.
- Maksimovic, Z. and Panto, G., 1991.Contribution to the geochemistry of the rare earth elements in karst-bauxite deposits of Yugoslavia and Greece.Geoderma, 51, 93-109.
- Momade, F.W.Y. and Gawu, S.K.Y., 2009. Geochemical and mineralogical characteristics of lithomargic clay types from awaso bauxite deposit, Ghana: Implications for possible industrial utilization. Journal of Science and Technology (Ghana), 29, 96-106.
- Mordberg, L.E., 1996.Geochemistry of trace element in Paleozoic bauxite profiles in northern Russia. Journal of Geochemical Exploration, 57, 187-199.
- Nazari, H., 2006. Analyse de la tectoniquerecenteet active dansl'Alborz Central et la region de Teheran: Approchemorphotectonique et paleoseismologique. Science de la terreet de l’eau, Montpellier, 2, 247.
- Nesbitt, H.W. and Young, G.W., 1984. Early Proterozoic climates and plate motions inferred from major element chemistry of lutites. Nature, 299, 715-717.
- Öztrük,H., Hein, J.R. and Hanilci, N., 2002. Genesis of the Dogankuzu and Mortaz bauxite deposits, Turides, Turkey, Separation Al, Fe and Mn implication for passive margin metallogeny. Economic Geology, 97, 1063-1077.
- Petrascheck, W.E., 1989. The genesis of allochthonous karst-type bauxite deposits of southern Europe.MineraliumDeposita, 24, 77-81.
- Rafiei, B., Mollai, H. and Ghorbani,M., 2008. The genesis of Late Triassic allochthonous karst-type bauxite deposits of the Kisejin area, Ab-e-Garm district, Tran.NeuesJahabuch Fur Geologie und Palaontologie- Abhandlungen, 250, 217-231.
- Schellmann, W., 1986.A new definition of laterite, In: Banerji, P.K. (Ed.) Laterization processes.Geologyical Survey of India, Memoir, 120, 11-17.
- Selvaraj, K. and Chen, C.T.A., 2006.Moderate Chemical Weathering of Subtropical Taiwan: Constraints from Solid-Phase Geochemistry of Sediments and Sedimentary Rocks. Journal of Geology, 114, 101–116.
- Tardy, Y., 1993.Petrologie des laterites et des sols tropicaux, Masson, Paris, 461.
- Temur, S., and Kansun, G., 2006.Geology and petrography of the Mastadagidiasporic bauxites, Alanya, Antalya, Turkey. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 27, 512-522.
- Valeton, I., 1972.Bauxites, Amesterdam.Elsevier, 226.
- Zarasvandi, A., Charchi, A., Carranza, E.J.M. and Alizadeh, B., 2008. Karst bauxite deposits in the Zagros Mountain Belt, Iran. Ore Geology Reviews, 34, 521-532.