بررسی وضعیت آلودگی منابع آب و منطقه بندی آلودگی حوضه آبریز ساروق (استان آذربایجان غربی)
محورهای موضوعی :
راحله هاتفی
1
(پژوهشکده علوم ¬پایه کاربردی، جهاد دانشگاهی)
علی اکبر شهسواری
2
غلامعباس فنایی خیرآباد
3
(دانشگاه صنعتی بیرجند)
فرهاد اسدیان
4
(پژوهشکده علوم ¬پایه کاربردی، جهاد دانشگاهی)
کلید واژه: ارسنیک منطقه بندی زمین زاد بشرزاد ساروق,
چکیده مقاله :
عنصر آرسنيك جزء فلزات سنگین و سمی با خطرات زیست‌محیطی و بهداشتی است. هدف از این مطالعه بررسی و پایش غلظت این عنصر در منابع آبی حوضه آبریز ساروق، میزان آلودگی منابع آبی و ترسیم نقشه پهنه‌بندی این عنصر در منابع آبی است. در این راستا 45 نمونه از چاه، چشمه و آب سطحی در دو مرحله (مرحله اول نمونه فیلتر شده و در مرحله دوم نمونه کل) برداشت گردید که موقعیت نقاط نمونه‌برداری از منابع آبی براساس قضاوت کارشناسی و تصادفی تعیین شد. آنیون‌ها به روش کروماتوگرافی گازی و فلزات به روش ICP-MS آنالیز شدند. نتایج کلی مبین آلودگی آب به عنصر ارسنیک در بعضی نواحی است. بررسی غلظت، منشا و نقشه منطقه‌بندی ارسنیک در آب نشان می‌دهد که آلودگی به ارسنیک هم منشا بشرزاد و هم منشا زمین‌زاد دارد. اغلب منشا زمین زادی آن در شمال شرق و شرق محدوده بر روی زون‌های دگرسانی واقع است و ناشی از ولکانیک‌های کواترنری است که منشا چشمه‌های آبگرم محدوده هستند. در شمال محدوده در پایین‌دست معادن، منشا آنتروپوژنیک اهمیت بيشتري دارد ولی به‌طورکلی علت عمده آلودگی فعالیت‌های معدنکاری است. انتقال و نهشت مجدد ارسنیک در محدوده مطالعاتی توسط واکنش‌های انحلال- نهشت و جذب- دفع متاثر از شرایط pH و Eh کنترل می‌شود و حمل و انتقال آن در محدوده توسط اکسی‌هیدروکسیدهای این عنصر است. به‌طورکلی کل محدوده به‌جز نواحی شمالی و شمال شرقی از نظر اندیس‌های آلودگی، آلودگی کمی دارد که با تدابیر صحیح مشکلی وجود نخواهد داشت.
Arsenic is a toxic element with environmental and health risks. The aim of this study is to investigate and monitor arsenic concentration level of pollution and its concentration zoning in the water resources of Saroq watershed. In this study, 45 samples from wells, springs and river were collected in two stages (filtered samples in the first step and bulk samples in the second step). The position of sampling points was determined based on expert judgment and random method. Anions were analyzed by gas chromatography and metals were analyzed by ICP-MS. The overall results indicated that water was polluted by arsenic in some areas. Evaluation of the origin and zoning maps of arsenic in water revealed that the source of pollution is both anthropogenic and geogenic resources. Most of the geogenic sources are located in the north-east and east of the area on the alteration zones and is resulted from Quaternary volcanic rocks forming source of the hot springs in the study area. Mining activities are the most important cause of pollution in the downstream area of the mines in the north of area, thus, it can be said that anthropogenic origin is a major cause of pollution. Transfering and re-deposition of arsenic in the study area is controlled by the solution- deposition and absorb- disposal reactions, which is controlled by Eh and pH. Transporting and re-deposition of arsenic is done by oxy-hydroxides of this element. In general, except for the northern and north-western parts, in most parts of the studied area, the level of pollution is not that much high so by considering appropriate management there will not be much pollution problem in the area.
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