Paleostress analysis of Mansour-Abad area (southeast Rafsanjan - Kerman Province) using Multiple Inversion Method
Subject Areas :
لیلا
عبادی
1
Alavi
2
Ghassemi
3
Keywords: Analysis of paleostress, Multiple Inversion Method, Polyphase, Rafsanjan,
Abstract :
This study uses multiple inversion method to analyze slip data on shear planes and faults containing slickenlines in different rock units, and evaluates paleostress field in Mansour-Abad area. It was gathered the required kinematic data in 18 stations according to the stratigraphic age of the rock units. It was used the most important shear sense indicators, including mineral steps, Riedel shears and tension fractures. According to the multiple inversion method, which calculates stress tensor from the inhomogeneous fault data (data without any knowledge of stress field orientation or fault classification), four parameters of stress ellipsoid shape and axes were analyzed. It was found 3 different phases of compression, extension-shear and shear- compression using the phase separation in this method. The maximum principal stress orientation in different locations changes from N24˚ to N162˚ between Cretaceous and Neogene, while the minimum principal stress orientation changes from N79˚ to N116˚. The NW-SE strike of the reverse faults indicates that these faults developed during the activity of compressional phase. During the extensional-shear phase of the activity, local sedimentation occurred in the area. Late shear deformation of area, and change in stress field orientation, resulted in a block rotation between the fractures. Further increase in the rotation caused the fractures to increase in size, and provide space for intrusion of the magma.
-Alavi, M., 1994. Tectonic of the Zagros orogenic belt of Iran: new data and interpretations. Tectonophysics, 229, 211–238.
- Meyer, B. and Dortz, k-L., 2007, Strike-slip kinematics in central and eastern Iran: Estimating fault slip-rates averaged over the Holocene. Tectonics, 26, TC5009, doi: 10.1029/2006TC002073.
-Allen, M., Jackson J. and Walker, R., 2004. Late Cenozoic reorganization of the Arabia-Eurasia collision and the comparison of short-term and long-term deformation rates. Tectonics, 23, TC2008, doi: 10.1029/3003TC001530.
-Angelier, J., 1979. Determination of mean principal stresses for a given fault population.Tectonophysics, 56, T17–T26.
-Angelier, J., 1984. Tectonic analysis of fault slip data sets. Journal of Geophysical Research 89, 5835–5848.
-Angelier, J., 1989. From orientation to magnitudes in paleostress determinations using fault slip data. Journal of Structural Geology, 11, 37–50.
-Angelier, J., 1990. Inversion of field data in fault tectonics to obtain the regional stress; Part 3. A new rapid direct inversion method by analytical means. Geophysical Journal of International, 103, 2, 363–376.
-Angelier, J., 1994. Fault slip analysis and palaeostress reconstruction. In: Hancock, P.L. (Ed.), Continental Deformation. Pergamon Press, Oxford, 53–101.
-Berberian, F., Muir, I.D., Pankhurst, R.J. and Berberian, M., 1982. Late Cretaceous and early Miocene Andean type plutonic activity in northern Makran and central Iran. Journal of Geological Society of London 139, 605–614.
-Célérier, B., 1995. Tectonic regime and slip orientation of reactivated faults. Geophysical Journal International, 121, 143–161.
-Dimitrijevic, M.D., 1973. Geology of Kerman region. Geological Survey of Iran, Report 52, 334.
-Dimitrijevic, M.D., Dimitrijevic, and M.N., and Diordjevic, M., 1971.Geological map of Rafasanjan1 (30’ sheet no. 7150, scale: 1/100,000). Geological Survey of Iran.
-Etchecopar, A., Vasseur, G. and Daignières, M., 1981. An inverse problem in micro tectonics for the determination of stress tensor from fault striation analysis. Journal of Structural Geology, 3, 51–64.
-Hassanzadeh, J., 1993. Metallogenic and tectono magmatic events in the SE sector of the Cenozoic active continental margin of Iran (Shahr-e- Babak area, Kerman Province). Unpublished PhD thesis, University of California, Los Angeles, 204.
-Hippolyte, J-C., Bergerat, F., Gordon, M.B., Bellier O. and Espurt N., 2012. Keys and pitfalls in mesoscale fault analysis and paleostress reconstructions, the use of Angelier's methods. Tectonophysics, 581, 144–162.
-Jackson, J. and McKenzie, D., 1984. Active tectonics of the Alpine–Himalayan belt between western Turkey and Pakistan. Geophysical Journal of Review Astron Society, 77, 185–264.
-Lisle, R.J. and Srivastava, D.C., 2004. Test of the frictional reactivation theory for faults and validity of fault-slip analysis. Geology, 32, 7, 569–572.
-McClay, K.R., Whitehouse, P.S., Dooley, T. and Richards, M., 2004. 3D evolution of fold and thrust belts formed by oblique convergence. Marine Geology, 21, 857–877.
-McClusky, S., Balassanian, S., Barka, A., Demir, C., Ergintav, S., Georgiev, I., Gurkan, O., Hamburger, M., Hurst, K., Kahle, H., Kastens, K., Kekelidze, G., King, R., Kotzev, V., Lenk, O., Mahmoud, S., Mishin, A., Nadariya, M., Ouzounis, A., Paradissis, D., Peter, Y., Prilepin, M., Reilinger, R., Sanli, I., Seeger, H., Tealeb, A., Toksoz, M.N. and Veis, G., 2003. Global positioning system constrains on plate kinematics and dynamics in the eastern Mediterranean and Caucasus. Journal of Geophysical Research, 105, 5695–5719.
-Nemcok, M. and Lisle, R.J., 1995. A stress inversion procedure for polyphase fault/slip data sets. Journal of Structural Geology, 17, 10, 1445–1453.
-Ortner, H., Retier, F. and Acs, P., 2002. Easy handling tectonic data: the programs VB for Mac and tectonics FP for windows. Computer and Geosciences, 28, 1193-1200.
-Otsubo, M., Sato, K. and Yamaji, A., 2006. Computerized identification of stress tensors determined from heterogeneous fault-slip data by combining the multiple inverse method and k-means clustering. Journal of Structural Geology, 28, 991–997.
-Petit, J.P., 1987. Criteria for the sense of movement on fault surfaces in brittle rocks Journal of Structural Geology, 9, 597–608.
-Sato, K., Yamaji, A. and Tona, S., 2013. Parametric and non-parametric statistical approaches to the determination of paleostress from dilatants fractures: Application to an Early Miocene dike swarm in central Japan. Tectonophysics. .doi.org/10.1016/j.tecto.2012.12.008.
-Shafiei, B., 2010. Lead isotope signatures of the igneous rocks and porphyry copper deposits from the Kerman Cenozoic magmatic arc (SE Iran) and their magmatic-metallogenic implications. Ore Geology Reviews, 805, 12-22.
-Shafiei, B., Haschke, M. and Shahabpour, J., 2009. Recycling of orogenic arc crust triggers porphyry Cu mineralization in Kerman Cenozoic arc rocks, southeastern Iran. Mineralium Deposita, 44, 265–283.
-Shan, Y. and Fry, N., 2005. A hierarchical cluster approach for forward separation of heterogeneous fault/slip data into subsets. Journal of Structural Geology, 27, 929–936.
-Shan, Y. and Fry, N., 2006. The moment method used to infer stress from fault/slip data in sigma space: invalidity and modification. Journal of Structural Geology, 28, 1208–1213.
-Shan, Y., Lin, G., Li, Z. and Zhao, C., 2006. Influence of measurement errors on stress estimated from single-phase fault/slip data. Journal of Structural Geology, 28, 943–951.
-Shan, Y., Suen, H., Lin, G., 2003. Separation of polyphase fault/slip data: an objective- function algorithm based on hard division. Journal of Structural Geology, 25, 829–840.
-Sippel, J., Scheck-Wenderoth, M., Reicherter K. and Mazur, S., 2009. Paleostress states at the south-western margin of the Central European Basin System Application of fault-slip analysis to unravel a polyphas deformation pattern. Tectonophysics, 470, PP-129–146.
-Sperner, B. and Zweigel, P., 2010. A plea for more evolution in fault–slip analysis. Tectonophysics, 482, 29–41.
-Twiss, R.J., Unruh, J.R., 1998. Analysis of fault slip inversions: do they constrain stress or strain rate? Journal of Geophysical Research, 103, 12205–12222.
-Vernant, P. and Chery, J., 2006. Mechanical modeling of oblique convergence inhe Zagros, Iran. Geophysical Journal International, 165, 991-1002.
-Vernant, P., Nilforoushan, F., Hatzfeld, D., Abbassi, M.R., Vigny, C., Martinod, J., Ashtiani, A., Bayer, Tavakoli,F. and Chery, J., 2004. Present-day crustal deformation and plate kinematics in the Middle East constrained by GPS measurements in Iran and northern Oman. Geophysical Journal International, 157, 381–398,
-Vialon, P., Ruhland, M. and Grolier, J., 1976. Elements de tectonique analytique. Masson, Paris. 118.
-Walker, R.T., 2006. A remote sensing study of active folding and faulting in southern Kerman province, S.E. Iran. Journal of Structural Geology, 25, 654–668.
-Yamaji, A. and Sato, K., 2005. MIM Viewer, Version 4.10. Division of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto.
-Yamaji, A., 2000. The multiple inverse method; a new technique to separate stresses from heterogeneous fault-slip data. Journal of Structural Geology, 22, 4, 441–452.
-Yamaji, A., 2013. Comparison of methods of algebraic strain estimation from Rf/φ data: A unified theory of 2D strain analysis. Journal of Structural Geology, 16, 1-11.
-Yamaji, A., Sato, K. and Otsubo, M., 2005a. Multiple Inverse Method Main Processor, Version 5.31. Division of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto.
-Yamaji, A., Sato, K. and Otsubo, M., 2005b. Multiple Inverse Method Software Package —User's Guide. Manual for Software Thesis, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 16
-Yamaji, A., Sato, K. and Tonai, S., 2010. Stochastic modeling for the stress inversion of vein orientations: Paleostress analysis of Pliocene epithermal veins in southwestern Kyushu, Japan. Journal of Structural Geology, 32, 1137–1146.